mPEG-GAS, MW 40000
mPEG-GAS is one type of mPEG-NHS ester reagents. There is a C4 aliphatic amide linkage between PEG and the NHS ester. GAS has a longer hydrolysis half-life and thus is more stable than many other types of succinimidyl NHS esters in aqueous buffer. GAS stands for GlutarAmide Succinimidyl ester.
More details can be found at the FAQ webpage.
| PEG NHS esters | Structural characteristics | Amine reactivity | Stability |
|---|---|---|---|
| Type A: SCM | Methylene (CH2) linkage between PEG and NHS ester | Highly reactive | Hydrolysis half-life: less than five minutes. It often requires the use of a large excess of PEG reagents. |
| Type B: SG | C4 aliphatic ester linkage between PEG and NHS ester | Very reactive | Hydrolysis half-life: around 20 minutes. |
| Type C: SS | C3 aliphatic ester linkage between PEG and NHS ester | Very reactive | Hydrolysis half-life: around 10 minutes. |
| Type D: GAS | C4 aliphatic amide linkage between PEG and NHS ester | Very reactive | Hydrolysis half-life: around 20 minutes. |
| Type E: SAS | C3 aliphatic amide linkage between PEG and NHS ester | Very reactive | Hydrolysis half-life: around 10 minutes. |
SCM: Succinimidyl Carboxyl Methyl ester; SG: Succinimidyl Glutarate ester; SS: Succinimidyl Succinate ester; GAS: GlutarAmide Succinimidyl ester; SAS: SuccinAmide Succinimidyl ester. Note: hydrolysis half-life depends on pH, temperature and other factors of the testing conditions.
Solubility: Soluble in water and aqueous buffer, chloroform, methylene chloride, DMF, DMSO, and less soluble in alcohol, toluene. Not soluble in ether.
Molecular weight: MW of PEG was measured by MALDI-MS or GPC. PDI (polydispersity index) of our linear PEG is 1.02-1.05 with very narrow MW distribution. The number of repeating ethylene oxide units (CH2CH2O) or the degree of polymerization is calculated dividing the PEG MW by 44 (44 is the molecular mass of one repeating unit).
Density: PEG density is approximately 1.125 g/mL
Physical form: PEG products generally appear as white or off-white powder, and for very low MW linear PEG such as MW 1k or less, it may appear as wax-like, semi-solid material due to the low MW and the type of functional groups.
Storage condition: PEG product shall be stored in the original form as received in a freezer at -20C or lower for long term storage. Stock solution of PEG reagents that do not contain oxygen or moisture sensitive functional groups may be temporarily stored in a refrigerator or ambient temperature for multiple days. Stock solution should avoid repeated freeze-and-thaw cycles. See Documents section for detailed storage and handling conditions.
1. Molecular and Biocompatibility Characterization of Red Blood Cell Membrane Targeted and Cell-Penetrating-Peptide-Modified Polymeric Nanoparticles, Mol. Pharmaceutics, 2017, 14 (7), pp 2224-223, Text.
2. Polyionic complexes of butyrylcholinesterase and poly-l-lysine-g-poly(ethylene glycol): Comparative kinetics of catalysis and inhibition and in vitro inactivation by proteases and heat, Chemico-Biological Interactions, 2017, Pages 86-94, Text.
3. Nanoparticle Attachment to Erythrocyte Via the Glycophorin A Targeted ERY1 Ligand Enhances Binding without Impacting Cellular Function, Pharmaceutical Research, 2016, Volume 33, Issue 5, pp 1191-1203, Text.
4. Effect of redox-responsive DTSSP crosslinking on poly(L-lysine)-grafted-poly(ethylene glycol) nanoparticles for delivery of proteins, Biotechnol Bioeng. 2020, DOI: 10.1002/bit.27369
5. Erythrocytes internalize nanoparticles functionalized with low molecular weight protamine, J Nanopart Res 23, 96 (2021). Text.
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