Description
Hyaluronic Acid is functionalized with polymerizable methacrylate groups. Purity: >95% powder. Standard Degree of substitution (DoS): 5 mol % substitution unless specifically noted in the catalog number. For example, HA-301-30% means that the DoS is 30% for this particular product. HA-Methacrylate with lower or higher methacrylate substitution ratio (e.g. 1% and 10%) may be offered through custom synthesis service. HA-Methacrylamide is offered by custom synthesis. Hyaluronic acid synonyms: HA, hyaluronate, hyaluronan.
Properties
Name and Source: Hyaluronic acid (HA, Hyaluronan, Hyaluronate) is an anionic, non-sulfated glycosaminoglycan distributed widely throughout connective, epithelial, and neural tissues. CAS# 9004-61-9. Our HA products are produced via microbial fermentation. See Documents section for details.
Appearance: White, lyophilized powder, except dye-labeled HA reagents.
Solubility: Soluble in water and the solubility data varies with MW. Higher MW results in lowered solubility. Typically solubility ranges 5-50 mg/mL, that is, 0.5%-5%. Buffered solution at pH >6 enhances solubility due to deprotonation of carboxylic acid groups and formation of carboxylate salts. HA derivatives with hydrophobic groups will lower the solubility in water, and adding alcohol or DMSO to an alcohol-water or DMSO-water mixture can dramatically improve the solubility up to 200 mg/mL (20%).
Degree of Substitution (DoS): The standard DoS is 5% by default. Product variants with special DoS other than 5% is indicated in the product name and catalog number. For example, HA-301-30% means that the DoS is 30% for this particular product.
The substitution or labeling ratio is the percentage of HA disaccharide monomers that are functionalized with the functional groups. You may calculate the number of functional groups in each HA polymer chain by 1) dividing the MW of HA by the MW of one disaccharide monomer to derive the number of disaccharide monomers in HA; 2) then multiple the number of disaccharide monomers by the labeling ratio or DoS to get the number of functional groups in each HA polymer. See Documents section for details.
References
1) Synthesis of polysaccharide chemical gels by gamma-ray irradiation, ACS Symposium Series, (1996), 620(13)(Irradiation of Polymers):180-7.
2) Hyaluronic acid based scaffolds for tissue engineering—A review, Carbohydrate Polymers 2013, 92(2):1262– 1279
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